I. 117th Congress 2nd Session H.R. 8052

To direct the Secretary of Energy to conduct a study on the global status of the civilian nuclear energy industry, and for other purposes.

In the House of Representatives

June 14, 2022

Mr. Carter of Georgia (for himself and Mr. Peters) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

A BILL

To direct the Secretary of Energy to conduct a study on the global status of the civilian nuclear energy industry, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Global Nuclear Energy Assessment and Cooperation Act’’.

SECTION 2. GLOBAL NUCLEAR ENERGY ASSESSMENT STUDY.

(a) STUDY REQUIRED.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Commission, shall conduct a study on the global status of—

1. The civilian nuclear energy industry; and
2. The supply chains of the civilian nuclear energy industry.

(b) CONTENTS.—The study conducted under subsection (a) shall include—

1. Information on the status of the civilian nuclear energy industry, the long-term risks to such industry, and the basis for such risks;
2. Information on how the use of the civilian nuclear energy industry, relative to other types of energy industries, can reduce the emission of criteria pollutants and carbon dioxide;
3. Information on the role the United States civilian nuclear energy industry plays in United States foreign policy;
4. Information on the importance of the United States civilian nuclear energy industry to countries that are allied to the United States;
5. Information on how the United States may collaborate with such countries in developing, deploying, and investing in nuclear technology;
6. Information on how foreign countries use nuclear energy when crafting and implementing their own foreign policy, including such use by foreign countries that are strategic competitors;
7. An evaluation of how nuclear nonproliferation efforts and nuclear energy safety are affected by the involvement of the United States in international markets and setting civilian nuclear energy industry standards;
8. An evaluation of how industries in the United States, other than the civilian nuclear energy industry, benefit from the generation of electricity by nuclear power plants;
9. Information on utilities and companies in the United States that are involved in the civilian nuclear energy supply chain, including, with respect to such utilities and companies, financial challenges, foreign strategic competition, and risks to continued operation; and
10. Recommendations for how the United States may develop a national strategy to increase the role nuclear energy plays in diplomacy and strategic energy policy, develop a strategy to mitigate foreign competitor’s utilization of their civilian nuclear energy industries in diplomacy, align its nuclear energy policy with national security objectives, and remove regulatory barriers to the development of the United States civilian nuclear energy supply chain.

(c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 6 months after the study is conducted under subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of such study.

SECTION 3. PROGRAM TO TRAIN AND SHARE EXPERTISE.

(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Commission, shall develop and carry out a program under which the Secretary of Energy shall train foreign nuclear energy experts and standardize practices.

(b) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out the program developed under subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy shall—

1. Issue guidance for best safety practices in the global civilian nuclear energy industry based on practices established in the United States;
2. Train foreign nuclear energy experts on the operation and safety practices used by the United States civilian nuclear energy industry;
3. Review global supply chain issues for foreign civilian nuclear energy industries;
4. Identify weaknesses and concerns found in foreign civilian nuclear energy industries; and
5. Establish partnerships with foreign countries that have developed or are developing civilian nuclear energy industries.

(c) FOREIGN NUCLEAR ENERGY EXPERT.—In this section, the term ‘‘foreign nuclear energy expert’’ does not include a person who is from a country that (1) intellectual property theft is legal; (2) takes actions to undermine the civilian nuclear energy industry or other critical industries of the United States; or (3) the Secretary of Energy determines is inimical to the interest of the United States.

SECTION 4. INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR REACTOR EXPORT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITIES.

(a) COORDINATION.—The Commission shall—

1. Coordinate all work of the Commission relating to issuing a license for the import or export of a nuclear reactor under section 103 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2133) and international regulatory cooperation and assistance relating to nuclear reactors; and
2. Support the consideration of international technical standards to assist the design, licensing, and construction of advanced nuclear systems, efforts to help build competent nuclear regulatory organizations and legal frameworks in foreign countries that are seeking to develop civilian nuclear energy industries, and exchange programs and training provided to foreign countries relating to civilian nuclear energy industry regulation and oversight to improve nuclear technology licensing.

(b) CONSULTATION.—In supporting exchange programs and training under subsection (a)(2)(C), the Commission shall consult with the Secretary of Energy, the National Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions of higher education.

(c) NUCLEAR REACTOR EXPORT AND INNOVATION BRANCH.—The Commission shall establish within the Office of International Programs of the Commission a branch, to be known as the ‘‘International Nuclear Reactor Export and Innovation Branch’’, to carry out the nuclear reactor export and innovation activities described in subsection (a) as the Commission determines appropriate.

(d) EXCLUSION OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES FROM THE FEEBASE.—Section 102 of the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act (42 U.S.C. 2215) is amended—

1. In subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
   ‘‘(4) INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR REACTOR EXPORT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITIES.—The Commission shall identify in the annual budget justification international nuclear reactor export and innovation activities described in section 4(a) of the Global Nuclear Energy Assessment and Cooperation Act.’’; and
2. In subsection (b)(1)(B), by adding at the end the following:
   ‘‘(iv) Costs for international nuclear reactor export and innovation activities described in section 4(a) of the Global Nuclear Energy Assessment and Cooperation Act.’’.

SECTION 5. DENIAL OF CERTAIN DOMESTIC LICENSES FOR NATIONAL SECURITY PURPOSES.

(a) DEFINITION OF COVERED FUEL.—In this section, the term ‘‘covered fuel’’ means enriched uranium that is fabricated into fuel assemblies for nuclear reactors by an entity that (1) is owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation or the Government of the People’s Republic of China; or (2) is organized under the laws of, or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of, the Russian Federation or the People’s Republic of China.

(b) PROHIBITION ON UNLICENSED POSSESSION OR OWNERSHIP OF COVERED FUEL.—Unless specifically authorized by the Commission in a license issued under section 53 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2073), no person subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission may possess or own covered fuel.

(c) LICENSE TO POSSESS OR OWN COVERED FUEL.—

1. CONSULTATION REQUIRED PRIOR TO ISSUANCE.—The Commission shall not issue a license to possess or own covered fuel under section 53 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2073), unless the Commission has first consulted with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State before issuing the license.
2. PROHIBITION ON ISSUANCE OF LICENSE.—(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (C), a license to possess or own covered fuel shall not be issued if the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State make the determination described in subparagraph (B).
3. DETERMINATION.—(i) IN GENERAL.—The determination referred to in subparagraph (A) is a determination that possession or ownership, as applicable, of covered fuel poses a threat to the national security of the United States that adversely impacts the physical and economic security of the United States. (ii) JOINT DETERMINATION.—A determination described in clause (i) shall be jointly made by the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State. (iii) TIMELINE. (I) NOTICE OF APPLICATION.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Commission receives an application for a license to possess or own covered fuel, the Commission shall notify the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State of the application. (II) DETERMINATION.—The Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State shall have a period of 180 days, beginning on the date on which the Commission notifies the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State under subclause (I) of an application for a license to possess or own covered fuel, in which to make the determination described in clause (i). (III) COMMISSION NOTIFICATION.—On making the determination described in clause (i), the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State shall immediately notify the Commission. (IV) CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 30 days after the date on which the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State notify the Commission under subclause (III), the Commission shall notify the appropriate committees of Congress of the determination. (V) PUBLIC NOTICE.—Not later than 15 days after the date on which the Commission notifies Congress under subclause (IV) of a determination made under clause (i), the Commission shall make that determination publicly available. (C) EFFECT OF NO DETERMINATION.—The prohibition described in subparagraph (A) shall not apply if the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of State do not make the determination described in subparagraph (B) by the date described in clause (iii)(II) of that subparagraph.

SECTION 6. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:

1. APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.—The term ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ means each of the following:
   (A) The Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.
   (B) The Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
   (C) The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.
   (D) The Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.
2. COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Community Vehicle Charging Act of 2021 (H.R. 4908)

Short Title: Community Vehicle Charging Act of 2021

Summary

This bill aims to require the Secretary of Transportation to establish a grant program to increase the availability of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in environmental justice communities. It also aims to address the barriers faced by these communities in accessing electric vehicles and charging infrastructure.

Findings

The bill recognizes the following:

• The transportation sector is the highest emitting sector of greenhouse gases in the United States.
• Transportation is a significant source of toxic air pollutants.
• Electrification is a feasible and affordable opportunity to reduce transportation emissions and improve public health.
• Access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure is crucial for the adoption of electric vehicles.
• Currently, electric vehicle charging infrastructure is inequitably distributed, and not all people have access to it at home or work.
• Barriers to access for environmental justice communities include high costs, lack of awareness, technical support, and upfront funding, as well as low homeownership and linguistic isolation.
• Effective programs are needed to overcome these barriers and increase access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure for environmental justice communities.

Definitions

• Community Benefit Agreement: A contract between community-based organizations representing environmental justice communities and eligible entities carrying out projects to ensure that the projects create employment opportunities and other benefits for the residents of the communities.
• Electric Vehicle: A vehicle powered primarily by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable batteries, including battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
• Electric Vehicle Make-Ready Infrastructure: The electrical infrastructure needed to connect and serve electric vehicle charging infrastructure, including raceway or conduit, electrical panel service capacity, overcurrent protection, devices, wire, and suitable termination points.
• Eligible Entity: Community-based organizations, nonprofit organizations, local/regional/state/Tribal governments, metropolitan planning organizations, and other entities responsible for local transportation planning and projects.
• Eligible Project: Projects that address the electric vehicle charging infrastructure needs of an environmental justice community.
• Environmental Justice Community: A community primarily consisting of minority, low-income, or Tribal populations that face higher adverse human health or environmental effects when compared to other populations.
• Secretary: The Secretary of Transportation.

Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Grant Program

The bill establishes a grant program to provide grants to eligible entities for projects that address barriers to access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure faced by environmental justice communities. The grant program will be established within one year after the bill is enacted.

To apply for a grant, eligible entities need to submit an application to the Secretary of Transportation, including the required information specified by the Secretary.

The Secretary is required to:

• Identify known barriers to access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure faced by environmental justice communities through a public process.
• Conduct stakeholder outreach to community-based organizations and environmental justice groups to identify eligible projects and entities to carry out those projects.
• Provide resources, planning support, technical assistance, and case management guidance to eligible entities during the application process and project execution.
• Design project timelines that consider stakeholder input and the need for additional time for completion in environmental justice communities.
• Adopt project criteria to reduce gentrification and displacement risks, increase community engagement, involve community-based organizations and unionized labor, prioritize investments in environmental justice communities, reduce air pollution, and encourage partnerships with utility or private electric vehicle make-ready infrastructure programs.
• Aim to increase wealth in environmental justice communities through community or public ownership of completed project assets, job creation for local workers, community benefit agreements, and participation by local small businesses.
• Provide grant funds at the time of infrastructure purchase to eligible entities.

Types of Eligible Projects

An eligible entity that receives a grant can use the funds for projects such as:

• Planning and installation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in various locations like grocery stores, retail establishments, local government facilities, and office buildings.
• Development of fast charging hubs, on-street chargers, and electric vehicle charging infrastructure at community land trust locations, public schools, and parks.
• Incorporation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure into new buildings or retrofitting existing buildings, especially multi-unit dwellings.
• Support for shared electric mobility and micromobility options like electric car, bike, and scooter share.
• Providing electric vehicle chargers and installation assistance to residents of environmental justice communities who purchase an electric vehicle and have access to residential electric vehicle charging infrastructure.
• Educational programs that promote the economic, environmental, and public health benefits of electric vehicles, including information dissemination, dealership education programs, and curriculum development for schools.
• Transitioning existing vehicle fleets of governments to electric vehicles.
• Training municipal staff and inspectors on electric vehicle charging infrastructure use.
• Any other project that addresses known barriers to access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure faced by environmental justice communities and meets the Secretary's requirements.

Reporting and Data Collection

The Secretary is required to submit an annual report to congressional committees describing the funded projects, outcomes, barriers identified, anti-displacement measures' successes and failures, project types pursued, best practices and lessons learned, breakdown of grant funds used, quantity and usage of installed charging infrastructure, electric vehicles purchased, employment and community benefits, and any changes in local air quality.

The Secretary is also required to collaborate with the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of the Energy Information Administration to collect data on access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in environmental justice communities, including distance from households, usage rates, and comparison of infrastructure funded by the grant program versus other sources.

Authorization of Appropriations

An appropriation of $75,000,000 is authorized for fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to cover the expenses related to this bill, including administrative costs.